People First Language

Language shapes the way those around us speak and act toward one another and conveys the respect we have for others. The use of appropriate language about people with disabilities can be an important tool in building a community that accepts all people.

Appropriate language is both sensitive and accurate. VSA Vermont promotes the use of “people–first” language – language that puts the focus on the individual, rather than on a disability. “People-first” language helps us remember that people are unique individuals and that their abilities or disabilities are only part of who they are. Please note that people with disabilities may have individual preferences for language or may use phrases themselves that they might not want you to use. It’s okay to ask about language preferences when that comes up.

Avoid placing people with disabilities in groups that label, such as “the disabled,” “the handicapped,” and the “physically challenged.”

Avoid euphemisms, such as “physically challenged,” “special needs,” “differently abled” and “handi-capable.” Many disability groups object to these phrases because they are considered condescending and reinforce the idea that disabilities cannot be spoken of in an upfront and direct manner.

Refer to people with disabilities as you would to anyone else. Do not sensationalize or over-dramatize a disability by using terms such as “afflicted with,” “suffers from,” “deformed,” or “crippled with.” Do not “super-humanize” successful people with disabilities just because they have a disability. Using expressions such as “overcame great odds” and “triumphed despite being…” are considered offensive and inaccurate to people with disabilities.

When referring to people who use wheelchairs, avoid terms such as “wheelchair bound” or “confined to a wheelchair.” Wheelchairs do not confine people with disabilities. They provide freedom of movement to assist individuals in traveling throughout the community.

When writing or speaking about people with disabilities, emphasize abilities rather than limitations, focusing on the person’s accomplishments, creative talents or skills. This does not mean avoiding mention of the person’s disability, but mentioning it in a respectful manner and only when relevant to the situation.